Why in news?
In February 2026, Poland formally withdrew from the Ottawa Convention, citing the threat from Russia’s war in Ukraine. Polish leaders argued that minefields are necessary for national defense, allowing rapid deployment of mines along its eastern border. This marks a significant shift, as most European states remain committed to the treaty.
About Ottawa Convention
The Ottawa Convention, also known as the Mine Ban Treaty, is a landmark international agreement aimed at eliminating anti-personnel landmines worldwide. Here’s a clear breakdown:
Overview
- Full name: Convention on the Prohibition of the Use, Stockpiling, Production and Transfer of Anti-Personnel Mines and on Their Destruction
- Drafted: 18 September 1997
- Signed: 3 December 1997 in Ottawa, Canada
- Entered into force: 1 March 1999
- Parties: 162 states (as of 2026)
- Depositary: UN Secretary-General
Key Objectives
- Ban the use, production, stockpiling, and transfer of anti-personnel landmines.
- Require destruction of stockpiled mines within 4 years.
- Mandate clearance of mined areas within 10 years.
- Promote international cooperation and assistance for mine clearance and victim support.
Importance
- Anti-personnel mines cause long-term civilian casualties, often decades after conflicts end.
- The treaty represents a major humanitarian disarmament effort, reducing landmine use globally.
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