Why in news?
Wildlife enthusiasts confirmed the eagle's presence in Mudumalai Tiger Reserve during the 2025-2026 winter season, marking a significant event for birdwatchers and ornithologists. The reserve's ecological richness supports such rare visitors, serving as a tiger habitat and avian hotspot.
About the Eastern Imperial Eagle
The Eastern Imperial Eagle (Aquila heliaca) is a large, vulnerable bird of prey found across southeastern Europe, West and Central Asia, and wintering in Africa, the Middle East, and South & East Asia. It is distinguished by its golden-brown plumage, powerful build, and striking gaze.
Key Facts
- Scientific name: Aquila heliaca
- Conservation status: Vulnerable (IUCN Red List)
- Size: Length 68–90 cm; wingspan 1.8–2 m
- Weight: 2.5–4.5 kg
- Lifespan: 21–45 years
- Appearance: Adults are dark brown with pale golden head and nape; immatures are sandy brown with streaks and a pale rump
- Habitat: Forest edges, steppes, agricultural lands; often seen perched on pylons
- Diet: Carnivorous—feeds on small mammals, birds, reptiles, and carrion
- Behavior: Diurnal, migratory; breeds in Eurasia and winters in warmer regions
Distribution & Migration
- Breeding grounds: Southeastern Europe, West & Central Asia
- Wintering areas: Northeastern Africa, Middle East, South & East Asia
- Recent sighting: Rare individuals were spotted in India’s Mudumalai Tiger Reserve during winter migration
Conservation Challenges
- Threats: Habitat loss, electrocution from power lines, hunting, and reduced prey availability
- Population estimate: 3,500–15,000 individuals globally
- Protection: Listed under CITES Appendix I and protected in many countries
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