WHO global guidelines on GLP-1 Medicines
Why in news?
WHO released its first global guideline on GLP-1 therapies (like liraglutide, semaglutide, tirzepatide) for treating obesity as a chronic disease, affecting over 1 billion people worldwide.
About
- Two key conditional recommendations: GLP-1 medicines may be used long-term by adults (excluding pregnant women) for obesity (BMI ≥30); pair with intensive behavioral interventions like healthy diet and physical activity.
- Added to WHO Essential Medicines List in September 2025 for type 2 diabetes in high-risk groups; emphasizes comprehensive care, not standalone use.
- Stresses equitable access, health system readiness, and policies to avoid disparities; projects <10% coverage by 2030 without action.
- Supports broader strategies: healthier environments, early screening for high-risk groups, lifelong person-centered care.
Targeted Medicines
The guideline covers three specific agents: liraglutide, semaglutide, and tirzepatide, which mimic the GLP-1 hormone to regulate blood sugar, slow digestion, enhance fullness, and reduce risks of heart, kidney, and other complications.
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