Why in news?

• The Supreme Court of India has struck down key provisions of the Tribunals Reforms Act, 2021, declaring them unconstitutional.
• The Court ruled that these provisions violated the principles of judicial independence and separation of powers.

Key points for invalidation

• Government control over tenure and age limits for tribunal members.
• Inclusion of government secretaries in selection committees.
• Limiting tribunal member tenure to four years, affecting institutional stability.
• Excessive rule-making powers to the executive over tribunals.

Principle	Key Aspects	Purpose/Significance
Judicial Independence	Fair, impartial adjudication; no external influence; exclusive judicial jurisdiction; security of tenure	Ensures rule of law, fair trials, protects rights
Separation of Powers	Division of state powers into legislature, executive, judiciary; mutual checks and balances	Prevents power concentration, safeguards liberty

 
 
 
 





 

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