Why in news?
- India has significantly reinforced its military presence in the strategic Siliguri Corridor, also known as the "Chicken's Neck."
- Three new army garrisons have been established near the Bangladesh border at Bamuni (near Dhubri), Kishanganj, and Chopra, aiming to enhance security, surveillance, and rapid troop deployment.
Location and Dimensions
- The Siliguri Corridor is a narrow land stretch in West Bengal, India.
- It is approximately 200 kilometers long.
- Its width at the narrowest point is about 20 to 22 kilometers.
- It connects mainland India to the eight northeastern states.
Strategic Importance
- Known as the "Chicken's Neck" due to its narrow shape resembling a neck.
- It is India’s only land route to the northeast, making it a critical lifeline for transportation, trade, and military logistics.
- It enables rapid troop movement and supply transfer to sensitive border areas, especially close to China via Sikkim and Arunachal Pradesh.
Geopolitical Context
- The corridor is bordered by three different countries: Nepal, Bhutan, and Bangladesh.
- The nearby Chumbi Valley, between Sikkim and Bhutan, is a strategic point near Chinese territory.
- Sikkim merged with India in 1975, expanding the corridor's northern geography.β
Economic and Social Significance
- It supports approximately 80–90% of goods transported to northeastern India.
- Serves as a key trade route linking Bhutan, Nepal, and northeastern India, promoting regional economic integration.
- Acts as a gateway for tourism to destinations like Darjeeling, Gangtok, and Bhutan.
Vulnerabilities and Security Challenges
- Its narrow width makes it a potential choke point and vulnerable to external threats.
- The corridor has seen increased military garrisons and infrastructure upgrades for improved security.
- Any disruption in this corridor could isolate India’s northeast region, adversely affecting trade, movement, and defense.β
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