Why in news?
The Emissions Gap Report 2025, released by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), assesses global progress toward limiting warming to well below 2°C and pursuing the 1.5°C target of the Paris Agreement. 
 
Key Findings

• Even if all current Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) are fully implemented, global temperatures are projected to increase by 2.3–2.5°C this century, missing the Paris Agreement’s targets of well below 2°C and preferably 1.5°C.​
• Global GHG emissions rose by 2.3% in 2024, reaching 57.7 gigatonnes of CO₂ equivalent.​
• Only 60 Parties, covering just 63% of global emissions, have submitted new NDCs for 2035.​
• Emissions would need to fall by 55% by 2035 to align with the 1.5°C target.​
• India and China recorded the highest absolute increases in total GHG emissions, but India’s per capita emissions remain below the world average.
• G20 nations are projected to see annual emissions drop to 35 GtCO₂ by 2030 and 33 Gt by 2035, with China, the EU, and the US contributing most to this reduction, although the gap remains significant.
• The report calls for a rapid acceleration of global ambition and implementation, aiming for global net-zero emissions by 2050 and steep, irreversible declines thereafter to bring warming back below 1.5°C by the end of the century.​

About emissions Gap Report

• The Emissions Gap Report is an annual publication by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)
• It assesses the current state of global greenhouse gas emissions and compares them with the levels required to meet the targets of the Paris Agreement, primarily limiting global warming to well below 2°C and pursuing efforts to stay below 1.5°C.

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