Daily Current Affairs 2025  

07/02/2026

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CA-07/02/2026

• Position Odisha as a hub for regulated digital finance and innovation.
• Promote AI-led FinTech skilling and jobs for India’s digital economy.
• Showcase policy-led innovation and attract global investors.

• Odisha highlighted as a $112 billion economy with strong fiscal health and 69% working-age population.
• Focus on EVs, electronics, green energy, and value-added manufacturing.
• Launch of BharatNetra programme in partnership with Singapore’s Global Finance & Technology Network (GFTN) and the Asian Institute of Digital Finance (AIDF).

Focus Area	Impact
AI & FinTech	Driving India’s leadership in digital finance
Job Creation	Sustainable employment through skilling initiatives
Policy Innovation	Odisha positioned as a gateway to Asia for tech investment
Global Collaboration	Strengthening India’s ties with international finance & tech networks

• Regulatory hurdles in digital finance adoption.
• Need for inclusive skilling programs to avoid widening digital divides.
• Ensuring cybersecurity and data protection in AI-driven finance.

• Launch Year: 2020 by the Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals & Fertilizers.
• Objective:
  • Strengthen domestic API production.
  • Reduce reliance on imports (especially from China).
  • Lower production costs and ensure uninterrupted medicine supply.
• Financial Outlay: ₹3,000 crore allocated for the scheme.
• Support Mechanism: Grants-in-aid to states for creating common infrastructure facilities such as:
  • Effluent treatment plants
  • Solid waste management systems
  • Common testing centers
  • Warehousing and logistics facilities
  • Power and steam generation units

• Number of Parks: Up to three Bulk Drug Parks to be established across India.
• Selection Process: States compete through a challenge method; proposals are evaluated based on readiness, land availability, and environmental compliance.
• Funding Pattern:
  • Government of India provides up to 70% of project cost (90% for North-Eastern and hilly states).
  • Remaining cost borne by the state government.

• Drug Security: Ensures continuous supply of essential medicines.
• Economic Benefits: Reduces import bill and strengthens India’s pharmaceutical competitiveness globally.
• Employment: Generates jobs in pharma manufacturing and allied sectors.
• Healthcare Access: Helps keep medicine prices affordable for citizens.

• Environmental Concerns: Bulk drug manufacturing generates high chemical waste; strict compliance needed.
• Global Competition: APIs from China remain cheaper due to economies of scale.
• Implementation Delays: Land acquisition and infrastructure setup may slow progress.

• Periodic Labour Force Survey
• Consumer Price Index
• Annual Survey of Industries
• Index of Industrial Production
• National Account Statistics
• Wholesale Price Index
• Environmental Statistics

Feature	Explanation	Examples
Tools	Active functions AI can call	Send messages, create calendar events, query databases
Model Resources	Passive, read-only data sources	File contents, database schemas, API docs
Context Layer	Provides structured task/data understanding	Workflow automation, decision-making support

• Unified Connectivity: Avoids repetitive, service-specific integrations.
• Real-Time Access: AI models can use the most up-to-date information.
• Scalability: Easy integration for developers, reducing deployment time.
• Practical Impact: Enables AI-driven research, automation, and decision-making across industries.

• Security: Ensuring safe access to sensitive datasets.
• Standard Adoption: Requires broad industry uptake to be truly universal.
• Data Quality: AI output depends on the reliability of connected sources.

• Launch Date: 29 February 2020 by the Government of India.
• Budget Outlay: ₹6,865 crore till 2027–28.
• Target: Formation and promotion of 10,000 FPOs nationwide.
• Implementing Agencies:
  • Small Farmers’ Agribusiness Consortium (SFAC)
  • National Cooperative Development Corporation (NCDC)
  • National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD)
• Cluster-Based Business Organizations (CBBOs): These act as facilitators to handhold FPOs for 5 years.

• Equity Grants: ₹254.4 crore released to 4,761 FPOs so far.
• Credit Guarantee Cover: Worth ₹453 crore issued to 1,900 FPOs.
• Market Linkages: FPOs help farmers aggregate produce, negotiate better prices, and access larger markets.
• Capacity Building: Training in governance, financial management, and agri-business skills.
• Crop Focus: FPOs are often commodity-specific (e.g., maize, banana, paddy in Bihar’s Khagaria district).

• Empower Small & Marginal Farmers: By collectivizing them into producer groups.
• Enhance Income: Through better bargaining power and reduced transaction costs.
• Promote Entrepreneurship: Encourage farmers to adopt value addition, branding, and processing.
• Sustainable Agriculture: Support organic, natural, and climate-resilient farming practices.

• Capacity Building: Many FPOs struggle with governance and financial literacy.
• Market Access: Linking FPOs to sustainable buyers and processors remains critical.
• Infrastructure Gaps: Storage, processing, and logistics facilities are still limited in rural areas.
• Sustainability: Ensuring FPOs remain viable after government handholding ends.

• Demonstrate India’s operational readiness and combat preparedness.
• Reinforce the Aatmanirbhar Bharat initiative in defence by showcasing indigenous systems.
• Test complex missions such as:
  • Large Force Engagement (LFE)
  • Defensive Counter Air (DCA)
  • Offensive Counter Air (OCA)
  • Suppression of Enemy Air Defences (SEAD)
  • Tactical Reconnaissance (TacR)
  • Close Air Support (CAS)

• Aircraft: More than 120 frontline aircraft and helicopters including Sukhoi Su-30 MKI, Rafale, Mirage-2000, Jaguar, Tejas, and transport aircraft.
• Air Commands: Western and South Western Air Commands fully activated.
• Systems: Layered air defence, drones, and live armament firing.

• Strategic Location: Conducted near the Pakistan border, sending a strong signal of deterrence and readiness.
• Operational Depth: Demonstrates the IAF’s ability to conduct day, dusk, and night operations seamlessly.
• Symbolic Value: Builds on the success of Operation Sindoor (2025), where Indian forces neutralized enemy airbases in simulated scenarios.

• Full Name: Spectro-Photometer for the History of the Universe, Epoch of Reionization, and Ices Explorer (SPHEREx)
• Launch Date: March 11–12, 2025 aboard a SpaceX Falcon 9 from Vandenberg Space Force Base
• Orbit: Sun-synchronous low Earth orbit at ~700 km altitude
• Mission Duration: Planned 25 months (about 2 years)

• Cosmic Origins: Map the entire sky in 102 infrared wavelengths to study the large-scale structure of the universe.
• Epoch of Reionization: Investigate how the first stars and galaxies reionized the universe.
• Galactic Surveys: Catalog 450+ million galaxies and 100+ million stars in the Milky Way.
• Planetary Science: Analyze water ice and organic molecules in star-forming regions and comets.

• First Infrared Map of the Entire Sky (Dec 2025): Completed in 102 colors, offering unprecedented detail of cosmic structures.
• Observation of Interstellar Comet 3I/ATLAS (Dec 2025): Detected dust, water, organic molecules, and carbon dioxide as the comet brightened after perihelion. This was only the third interstellar object ever observed passing through our solar system.
• Awards: The mission team won the Sylvia A. Earle Award for Exploration Excellence in February 2026.

• Legacy Archive: SPHEREx will leave behind a massive dataset for astronomers worldwide, enabling discoveries for decades.
• Complementary Science: Works alongside missions like JWST (deep, narrow focus) by providing broad, all-sky context.
• Planetary Insights: Helps understand how water and organic molecules are distributed in the galaxy, crucial for studying habitability.

• City: Puri, Odisha, India
• Coordinates: 19°48′17″N 85°49′6″E
• Deities Worshipped: Lord Jagannath (Vishnu/Krishna), Balabhadra, and Subhadra
• Religious Importance: One of the Char Dham pilgrimage sites (alongside Badrinath, Dwarka, and Rameswaram).

• Style: Kalinga architecture
• Height: ~214 feet (65 meters)
• Temple Complex Area: ~10 acres
• Materials: Stone for the temple; idols carved from Neem wood (renewed during Nabakalebara ritual).
• Main Features:
  • The Shikhara (spire) dominates Puri’s skyline.
  • The Singhadwara (Lion Gate) is the main entrance.
  • The temple houses 31 smaller shrines within its complex.

• Ratha Yatra (Chariot Festival): Annual event where the deities are taken out in massive chariots, attracting millions of devotees.
• Snana Yatra: Ritual bathing of the deities.
• Chandan Yatra: Deities are smeared with sandalwood paste.
• Nabakalebara: Rare ritual (every 12–19 years) where the wooden idols are replaced.

• Date Signed: February 5, 2026, in New Delhi
• Parties Involved:
  • Government of India
  • Government of Nagaland
  • Eastern Nagaland Peoples’ Organisation (ENPO)
• New Institution: Frontier Nagaland Territorial Authority (FNTA)
• Coverage: Six districts — Tuensang, Mon, Kiphire, Longleng, Noklak, and Shamator

• Boost Development: Focused investment in infrastructure, education, healthcare, and connectivity.
• Administrative Empowerment: Greater autonomy in decision-making for local governance.
• Inclusive Growth: Ensure equitable distribution of resources across Nagaland.
• Peace & Stability: Address long-standing demands of Eastern Nagaland communities for recognition and development.

• For Eastern Nagaland: Long-neglected districts will now receive targeted development programs.
• For Nagaland: Strengthens unity while addressing regional disparities.
• For India’s Northeast Policy: Reinforces the central government’s push for peace, progress, and integration of border regions.

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