Daily Current Affairs 2025  

08/09/2025

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CA-08/09/2025

 
Why in new?
EEPC India highlights its Platinum Jubilee celebrations, new export targets, major policy advocacy, and support for MSMEs affected by recent tariff actions.
 
New Initiatives and Targets

• EEPC India, under government direction, aims for $300 billion in engineering exports by 2030 as part of India's broader $1 trillion export target.
• The organization is actively engaging stakeholders in strategy formulation and launching new events, such as trade expos, excellence awards, and industry workshops.

Policy Advocacy and MSME Support

• EEPC India has urged the central government to provide financial support to MSMEs hit by recent US tariffs, including expanding interest equalization schemes to reduce the financing burden for small businesses.
• Proposals include faceless GST audits for MSMEs, higher interest subventions under export schemes, and tax rate incentives for reinvestment in the business.

India’s engineering exports reached an all-time high of USD 116.67 billion in FY 2024–25, with notable growth driven by Free Trade Agreements with the UAE and Australia, and strong performance in regions like WANA and North-East Asia.
 
About EEPC
EEPC India stands for the Engineering Export Promotion Council of India, and it is the premier trade and investment promotion organization for the Indian engineering sector, sponsored by the Ministry of Commerce & Industry.
 
Overview
EEPC was established in 1955 and currently comprises over 13,000 members, with about 60% being small and medium enterprises (SMEs). As an advisory body, it acts as a chief interface between the government and the Indian engineering industry to frame policy and promote exports.
 
Functions and Activities

• Serves as a bridge between Indian manufacturers and international markets, working to expand India's presence in the global value chain.
• Organizes key events such as the India Engineering Sourcing Show (IESS) and the India Engineering Exhibition (INDEE) to showcase the capabilities of Indian engineering and facilitate buyer-seller meets and technology demonstrations.
• Publishes reports and studies on international trends, export opportunities, and the global economy, and advocates policy suggestions to support the Indian engineering sector.
• Supports export businesses by providing access to international exhibitions, capacity-building, and integration into global standards.

Impact and Achievements

• India's engineering exports have grown substantially in recent years, rising from $70 billion to over $115 billion in the past decade, with EEPC India playing a pivotal role in this growth.
• EEPC India is recognized for promoting the “Make in India” brand worldwide and supporting member firms with advisory services, technology centers, and financial linkages.

 
   
Why in news?
The major International Conference on Space 2025 is being held from 8th to 9th September 2025 at Taj Yeshwantpur, Bengaluru, organized by the Confederation of Indian Industry (CII) with support from ISRO, IN-SPACe, and NSIL.
 
Core Details

• Theme: Harnessing Space for Global Progress: Innovation, Policy, and Growth.
• Organizers: Confederation of Indian Industry (CII) in partnership with ISRO, IN-SPACe, NSIL, and SIDM.
• Venue: Taj Yeshwantpur, Bengaluru.

Conference Highlights

• Focus on Indian space sector transformation, government reforms, and the expanding role of private space startups.
• Key topics include strategic international collaborations, space industry growth, satellite communication (5G/6G, IoT), defence applications, and workforce development.
• Denmark is the guest country for this year’s event, highlighting global collaboration.
• Major sessions cover bridging gaps in India's space vision, self-reliance, private sector catalysis, Earth observation markets, start-up innovation, and international partnerships.

Key Objectives

• Strengthen India’s indigenous space capabilities and promote innovation.
• Foster industry, academia, and international collaboration.
• Highlight policy reforms such as the Indian Space Policy 2023, technology adoption funds, and FDI liberalization.

Other Related Space Conferences 2025

• The IAF Global Conference on Space Exploration (GLEX 2025) held from 7–9 May 2025 in New Delhi, focusing on global space exploration cooperation and technical exchange.
• IEEE SPACE 2025 (Space, Aerospace and Defence Conference) is another major international event for technical professionals, though its primary focus is broader across aerospace and defence sectors.

These conferences collectively showcase India’s increasing leadership in the global space sector, strong international partnerships, and ongoing policy and technology advancements.
 
   
Why in news?
The latest DialogueNEXT is taking place on September 8–9, 2025, at the ICAR Convention Center in New Delhi, India, focusing on practical, farmer-centered solutions.

Event Overview

• Purpose: To convene stakeholders from agriculture, policy, technology, and civil society for meaningful dialogue and action in food security.
• Theme: “Take it to the Farmer”—emphasizes keeping farmers at the core of innovation, policy, and delivery.
• Organizer: World Food Prize Foundation with partners CIMMYT, Borlaug Institute for South Asia, and ICAR.
• Dates & Venue: September 8–9, 2025, Bharat Ratna C. Subramaniam Auditorium, ICAR Convention Center, New Delhi.

Event Highlights

• Focus on agri-tech, climate and water-smart practices, youth leadership, and nutritious food systems.
• Farmers play a central role as storytellers and innovators, ensuring the dialogue leads to practical actions.
• Celebrates India’s leadership in agricultural innovation and honors Indian World Food Prize Laureates.
• Traces the legacy of Dr. Norman Borlaug by revisiting key landmarks and connecting his vision to contemporary challenges.

   
Why in news?
International Literacy Day is observed annually on September 8 to highlight the critical importance of literacy for individuals, communities, and societies worldwide. 
 
Theme for 2025 was "Promoting Literacy in the Digital Era." This theme highlights the expanding nature of literacy beyond reading and writing to embracing digital literacy.
 
Key Importance of International Literacy Day

• It raises awareness about the ongoing issue of illiteracy, with over 700 million adults worldwide still lacking basic literacy skills.
• Literacy is a gateway to other human rights, social inclusion, peace, and sustainable development.
  • The day inspires global, national, and community actions to promote literacy through policies, programs, and volunteer activities.
  • It connects with Sustainable Development Goal 4 (Quality Education) to ensure inclusive and equitable education for all.

Continued Challenges
Despite improvements, millions of adults and children remain non-literate or lack functional literacy skills. The digital era presents both opportunities and risks, and literacy initiatives in 2025 aim to bridge gaps caused by socio-economic disparities, ensuring that literacy keeps pace with the digital transformation.
 
 
   
Why in news?
Recently the World Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy Day is observed on September 7. This day, recognized by the United Nations starting in 2024.
Theme for 2025 is "Family: The Heart of Care,"
 
About Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) 

• Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a severe, progressive genetic disorder characterized by muscle weakness and wasting that primarily affects boys.

Symptoms

• Symptoms usually begin between ages 2 and 5 with difficulty walking, running, climbing stairs, frequent falls, and trouble standing up from the floor.
• Enlarged calves due to muscle tissue replacement by fat (pseudohypertrophy).
• Progressive muscle weakness spreads from the hips and thighs to the shoulders, arms, and respiratory muscles.
• Toe walking, waddling gait, and muscle contractures are common.
• Most boys lose the ability to walk by early adolescence (around age 12).
• Later stages involve heart complications (cardiomyopathy) and respiratory weakness, often leading to life-threatening complications in the 20s.
• Some affected individuals may also have learning difficulties or cognitive impairments.

Causes

• X-linked recessive inheritance pattern: mostly affects males, whereas females are carriers and usually show mild or no symptoms.
• It is caused by mutations in the dystrophin gene on the X chromosome, which leads to a deficiency or absence of the dystrophin protein essential for maintaining muscle cell integrity.
• Without dystrophin, muscle cells become damaged and degenerate over time, causing loss of muscle strength and function.

Diagnosis

• Clinical evaluation combined with elevated creatine kinase (CK) levels.
• Genetic testing confirms mutations in the dystrophin gene.
  • Muscle biopsy may be done to differentiate DMD from related disorders like Becker muscular dystrophy.

Treatment and Management

• No cure currently exists for DMD.
• Corticosteroids (prednisone, deflazacort, vamorolone) help slow muscle degeneration and prolong walking ability.
• Physical therapy and exercise to maintain muscle function and reduce contractures.
• Orthopedic aids such as braces, wheelchairs, and surgical interventions for scoliosis or contractures.
• Respiratory support including cough assist devices and assisted ventilation as muscle weakness progresses.
• Cardiac care including medications and devices for heart problems.
• Emerging therapies include exon-skipping drugs (eteplirsen), gene therapy, and other molecular treatments targeting dystrophin production.

Duchenne muscular dystrophy is a profoundly disabling disorder requiring comprehensive clinical care to manage symptoms and maintain quality of life.
 
 

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