Why in News?
In April 2026, a rare black panther was captured on camera traps in Chhattisgarh’s Achanakmar Wildlife Sanctuary for the first time in years, indicating a healthy ecosystem.
About Black Panther
- Not a Separate Species: A black panther is a leopard or jaguar with a genetic mutation.
- Melanism: Caused by a recessive gene in leopards and a dominant gene in jaguars.
- Ghost Prints: If you look closely in bright light, you can still see the typical rosettes (spots) on their skin; this is known as "ghost spotting."
- Adaptive Advantage: Their dark coat provides excellent camouflage in dense, dark tropical forests, earning them the nickname "Ghost of the Forest."
- Kabini (Nagarhole), Karnataka: Perhaps the most famous spot in the world to see a black panther (famously "Saaya").
- Dandeli-Anshi (Kali) Tiger Reserve, Karnataka: Known for a high frequency of melanistic leopards.
- Tadoba-Andhari, Maharashtra: Home to the well-known black leopard "Blackie."
- Netravali & Bhagwan Mahaveer, Goa: Part of the Western Ghats corridor where sightings are increasing.
Conservation Status
- Legal Protection: In India, they are protected under Schedule I of the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 (highest level of protection).
- IUCN Status: They share the status of their parent species; Leopards are listed as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List.
- Threats:
- Habitat Fragmentation: Loss of forest corridors between sanctuaries.
- Poaching: Targeted for their unique and beautiful skins.
- Human-Wildlife Conflict: Encroachment into forest fringes.
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