AEW&C MK-II programme
Why in News?
The AEW&C MK-II programme (Airborne Early Warning and Control) is a critical ₹19,000-crore defence initiative aimed at developing six next-generation indigenous "eyes in the sky" spy aircraft for the Indian Air Force (IAF) to drastically enhance long-range surveillance.
Aircraft and Platform
- Base Airframe: The system will utilize six former Air India commercial Airbus A321 twin-engine, narrow-body aircraft.
- Modifications: Airbus Defence & Space (the OEM) and AIESL will strip the aircraft, reinforce the structural airframe, and fit auxiliary fuel tanks to increase flight endurance.
- Primary Radar: Features an advanced Gallium Nitride (GaN)-based Active Electronically Scanned Array (AESA) radar mounted dorsally on top of the fuselage.
- Angular Coverage: Combines a 240-degree primary dorsal radar with a nose-mounted radar antenna to provide a 300-degree field of view.
- Target Detection: Capable of detecting and tracking enemy aircraft, cruise missiles, stealth targets, and drone swarms at extended ranges exceeding 400 to 500 km.
- Addressing Shortfalls: The IAF currently operates a limited fleet of 6 early warning platforms (3 Russian IL-76 Phalcons and 3 Embraer Netra Mk-I jets). The IAF requires at least 18 platforms to monitor the northern and western borders continuously.
- Tactical Network Integration: The aircraft will seamlessly link with the IAF's Integrated Air Command & Control System (IACCS) for real-time data sharing and battlefield management.
- Lessons from Operations: Recent experiences during Operation Sindoor highlighted an urgent operational need for expanded airborne radar networks.
- Nodal Laboratory: DRDO's Centre for Air Borne Systems (CABS) based in Bengaluru is leading the design and engineering.
- Private Sector First: The deal positions Adani Defence as the first private Indian company to spearhead such a complex airborne military mission system. The contract includes integrated logistics and maintenance (MRO) support for up to 30 years.
- Project Timeline: Flight testing and airworthiness certifications (via CEMILAC and DGAQA) are planned for the late 2020s, with final induction slated for 2032-2033.
